Publications

Book chapters

  1. Kakar, F, Okoye, F, Onyedibe, V., Hamza, R., Ranjan, B., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Impact of MP/NP pollution on climate change, Prof Pandey, Tyagi, Drogui, Bhoomika, Pilli. Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Occurrence, Environmental Impacts and Treatment Processes.
  2. Onyedibe, V., Kakar, F, Okoye, F., Elbeshbishy, E., Hamza, R., (2021) Sources and occurrence of MPs and NPs in the environment, Prof Pandey, Tyagi, Drogui, Bhoomika, Pilli. Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Occurrence, Environmental Impacts, and Treatment Processes.
  3. Okoye, F., Kakar, F., Onyedibe, V., Hamza, R., Ranjan, B., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021) Social Aspects of Micro and Nano Plastics, Prof Pandey, Tyagi, Drogui, Bhoomika, Pilli. Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Occurrence, Environmental Impacts and Treatment Processes.
  4. Hyder, U., Kakar., F, Okoye, F., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021).  Management of digestate from anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge, Vinay Kumar Tyagi –Kaoutar Aboudi – Cigdem Eskicioglu. Anaerobic Digestate Management.

Journals Articles

  1. Kakar, F., Purohit, N., Okoye, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Combined hydrothermal and Free Nitrous Acid, Acid and Alkaline Pretreatment for Biomethane Recovery from Municipal Sludge. Waste Management, 131, 376-385.
  2. Kakar, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Hydrothermal Pre- and Inter-treatment for Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Sludge. Engineering Biotechnologies. SSRN: 3943540.
  3. Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E. (2020). Impact of the Retention Time of Hydrothermal Pre-treatment on Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Thickened Waste Activated Sludge. Processes, 8(12) 1580.
  4. Kakar, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Solid content impact on hydrothermal pretreatment of municipal sludge prior to fermentation and anaerobic digestion. Chemosphere, under review
  5. Kakar, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Differential Impact of Acidic and Alkaline Conditions on Hydrothermal Pretreatment, Fermentation, and Anaerobic Digestion of Sludge. Journal of Cleaner Production, under review
  6. Kakar, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Impact of Hydrothermal Pretreatment factors on mesophilic and thermophilic fermentation and anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge. Bioresource technology, under review
  7. Okoye, F., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., Bell, K., Muller, C., Jimenez, J., Al-Omari, A., Santoro, D., Jang, K., Walton, K., Bahreini, G., Zaman, M., Nakhla, G., Hazi, F., Takacs, I., Murthy, S., Rosso, D., (2021). A Proof-of-Concept Experimental Study for Vacuum-Driven Anaerobic Biosolids Fermentation Using the IntensiCarb Technology. Water environment research. WER-2021-10-0503.
  8. Ismail, A., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E. Nakhla, G. (2021). Combined Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment and Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge and Food Waste, Renewable Energy, under review
  9. Kakar, F., Razavi, A.S., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2020). Effect of Hydrothermal Pre-treatment on Solubilization and Acidification of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge. Bioenergy Res.1-14.
  10. Ryue, J., Lin, L., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., Dhar, B.R. (2020). A critical review of strategies for improving process stability in thermophilic anaerobic digestion: focusing on acidification and ammonia inhibition. Energy for Sustainable Development, 54, 72-84.
  11. Razavi, A.S., Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2020). Effect of Hydrothermal Pretreatment on the Anaerobic Digestibility of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge. Water Science Technology, 83 (2),
  12. Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Effect of Hydrothermal Pre-treatment on Volatile Fatty Acids Production of Source Separated Organics. Processes, 7 (9), 576.
  13. Kakar, F., Tedesse, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2021). Review of Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Thickened Waste activated Sludge for Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion Processes. Frontiers, under preparation
  14. Kakar, F., Okoye, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2022). Novel configuration of Thermal hydrolysis and vacuum fermentation to recover high-grade Volatile Fatty Acids from Municipal Sludge. under preparation
  15. Kakar, F., Okoye, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2022). Biological Nutrient Removal Potential from high-grade Volatile Fatty Acids Produced by Combined Thermal Hydrolysis and Vacuum Fermentation of municipal sludge. under preparation
  16. Kakar, F., Okoye, F., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E. (2022). Methane Production form Pre- and Post- Hydrothermal Treatment of Municipal Sludge using Vacuum Fermentation. under preparation
  17. Okoye, F., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., (2022), Combined Ultrasonication and Free Nitrous Acid Pretreatment for methane recovery from municipal sludge. under preparation
  18. Kakar, F., Saba, M.,Elbeshbishy, E. Impact of Mechanical, Chemical and Thermal Pretreatment on Co-digestion of the Municipal Sludge, Bioresource Technology, under preparation
  19. Mahdi, H., Kakar, F., Hamza, A., Elbeshbishy, E. (2022), Co-digestion of Primary and secondary sludge with different ratios.under preparation
  20. Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Bataglia, D., Hinneeke, M.D., Sivanantham, G., Elbeshbishy, E. (2022). A Critical Review on Application and Production of Volatile Fatty Acids from Waste. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, under preparation

Refreed Conference Proceeding

  1. Okoye, F., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Combined Pretreatment of Municipal Sludge with Free Nitrous Acid and Ultrasonication, Virtual Atlantic and Eastern Canadian Symposium on Water Quality. 
  2. Saba, M., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). The Effect of Chemical, Thermal and Mechanical of TWAS on Biomethane Recovery When Co-digested with Food Waste, Virtual Atlantic and Eastern Canadian Symposium on Water Quality.
  3. Gholamreza, B., Masuduz, Z., Nakhla, G., Kati, B, Christopher, B., Jose, J., Ahmed, A., Domenico, S., Eunkyung J, John W, Frances F, Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy E, Ferenc H, Imre T, Sudhir M, Diego R, (2022). The IntensiCarbTM Technology as High-Rate Process for Anaerobic Biosolids Fermentation Intensification and Nutrient Recovery, WEF Bio residual, Ohio, USA 
  4. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Factors impacting hydrothermal pretreatment prior to anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge, International Conference on Polymer Science and Composite Materials (ICPSCM-2021), Frankfurt, Germany (Invited Speaker)
  5. Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., (2021). Pretreatment technologies for enhancing anaerobic digestibility of municipal solid wastes, 714th International Conference on Environmental Science and Development (ICESD), Istanbul, Turkey
  6. Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Anaerobic Digestion Intensification by hydrothermal pretreatment, CSP Conference 2, Online
  7. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Okoye, F., Elbeshbishy, E., (2021). Different configuration of the fermentation, anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal treatment, and centrifugation using municipal sludge. ecoSTP2021, Milan, Italy
  8. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Parameters affecting hydrothermal pretreatment of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, 1st Eastern Virtual CAWQ conference, Montreal, Canada
  9. Mahdi, H., Kakar, F., Hamza, A., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Co-digestion of TWAS and PS to compare the AWWP substrate ratio, 1st Eastern Virtual CAWQ conference, Montreal, Canada
  10. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Effect of Hydrothermal Pretreatment on Volatile Fatty Acids and Methane Production from Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, WEFTEC20, New Orleans, USA
  11. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Can your garbage or wastewater fill up your car’s tank, WEFTEC20, New Orleans, USA
  12. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Evaluation of Different Configuration of Fermentation, Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, 55th Central Symposium on Water Quality, Toronto, Canada.
  13. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Pre-treatment methods for anaerobic digestion, 714thInternational conference on environmental science and development, Istanbul, Turkey.
  14. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Investigating the Hydrothermal Pretreatment Impact on Fermentation of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge in Continuous Mode, 12th International Conference on Sustainable Energy & Environmental Protection, Sharjah, UAE.
  15. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Volatile fatty acid recovery from waste activated sludge; effect of hydrothermal pretreatment, 33rd Eastern Symposium on Water Quality, Montreal, Canada.
  16. Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on dark fermentation of different organic solid waste streams, 9th International young water professional conference, Toronto, Canada
  17. Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Impact of hydrothermal pretreatment on volatile fatty Acids production from two types of waste streams, Energy and Resources conference, Windsor, Canada
  18. Kakar, F., Razavi, A.S., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Thermal pretreatment impact on the acidification of source separated organics and municipal sludge, 11th western CAWQ symposium, Alberta, Canada
  19. Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Acidification performance of source separated organics, primary and secondarysludge after hydrothermal pre-treatment, 54th Central Symposium on Water Quality, Toronto, Canada
  20. Razavi, A.S., Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Solubilization and biomethane production improvement by hydrothermal pretreatment of waste activated sludge, 54th Central Symposium on Water Quality, Toronto, Canada
  21. Kakar, F., Bazyar Lakeh, A., Azizi, A., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2018). Effect of hydrothermal pre-treatment on solubilization and bio-hydrogen production of source separated organics and thickened waste activated sludge, 53rd Central Symposium on Water Quality, Toronto, Canada
  22. Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2018). Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on acidification of source separated organics and Primary Sludge, eco STP IWA, London, Canada
  23. Kakar, F., Khpalwak, G.F. (2016) “Scientific research and mining education situation in Balkh university”, Academic mining education in Afghanistan (AMEA) general meeting, Bonn, Germany
  24. Kakar, F., Khpalwak, G.F. (2015). “The current situation of scientific research in Afghan higher education system”, Academic mining education in Afghanistan (AMEA) general meeting, Tehran, Iran

Posters

  1. Hassan, M., Kakar, F., Hamza, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Co-digestion Primary Sludge and WAS for Methane Production, Virtual Atlantic and Eastern Canadian Symposium on Water Quality.
  2. Ismail, A., Kakar, F., Elbeshbishy, E., Nakhla., G., (2020). Combined Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge and Food Waste, Virtual Atlantic and Eastern Canadian Symposium on Water Quality.
  3. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Anaerobic Digestion of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge; Hydrothermal Pretreatment Impact, 28th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition (Virtual) 
  1. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Different configuration of anaerobic Digestion, fermentation and hydrothermal pretreatment using municipal sludge, UK-YWP International Competition, (Virtual).
  2. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Liss, S., Elbeshbishy, E., (2020). Effect of Sludge Thickening and Hydrothermal Pretreatment on Anaerobic Digestion, 55th Central Symposium on Water Quality, Toronto, Canada.
  3. Pourohit, N., Kakar, F., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Effect of Hydrothermal Pre-treatment on Production of Volatile Fatty Acids for Semi-continuous Fermentation of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, 33rd Eastern Symposium on Water Quality, Montreal, Canada.
  4. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Hydrothermal Pre-treatment’s Retention Time Impact on Anaerobic Biodegradability of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, 33rd Eastern Symposium on Water Quality, Montreal, Canada.
  5. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Resource recovery from municipal waste by combining hydrothermal pretreatment and fermentation, Green Energy, Toronto, Canada
  6. Kakar, F., Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Resource recovery from municipal waste through combined hydrothermal pretreatment and anaerobic digestion, Grad Showcase, Toronto, Canada.
  7. Kakar, F., Razavi, A.S., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019).  Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the dark fermentation of the different organic solid waste streams, 9th International Young Water Professionals conference, Toronto, Canada.
  8. Kakar, F., Razavi, A.S., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Thermal pretreatment impact on the acidification of source separated organics and municipal sludge, 11th western CAWQ symposium, Alberta, Canada.
  9. Razavi, A.S., Kakar, F., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E. (2019). Enhanced biomethane recovery from source separated organics using hydrothermal pretreatment, 11th western CAWQ symposium, Alberta, Canada.
  10. Kakar, F.,Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Hydrothermal Pre-treatment’s Retention Time Impact on Anaerobic Biodegradability of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, 33rd Eastesrn Symposium on Water Quality, Montreal, Canada.
  11. Kakar, F.,Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Resource recovery from mnicipl waste by combining hydrothermal pretreatment and fermentation, Green energy 2019, Toronto, Canada
  12. Kakar, F.,Pourohit, N., Elsayed, A., Elbeshbishy, E., (2019). Resource recovery from municipal waste through combined hydrothermal pretreatment and anaerobic digestion, GradShowCase 2019, Toronto, Canada.
  13. Kakar, F.,Razavi, A.S., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E.(2019).  Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the dark fermentation of the different organic solid waste streams, IWA YWPC, Toronto, Canada.
  14. Kakar, F.,Razavi, A.S., Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E.(2019). Thermal pretreatment impact on the acidification of source separated organics and municipal sludge, 11thwestern CAWQ symposium, Alberta, Canada.
  15. Razavi, A.S., Kakar, F.,Koupeie, E.H., Hafez, H., Elbeshbishy, E.(2019). Enhanced biomethane recovery from source separated organics using hydrothermal pretreatment, 11thwestern CAWQ symposium, Alberta, Canada.

Thesis (Dissertations)

  1. Kakar, F. (2022). Application of Hydrothermal Pretreatment for Improving The Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion For Resource Recovery From Municipal Solid Waste, Ph.D. Thesis, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University.
  2. Kakar, F. (2019). Effect of Hydrothermal Pretreatment on the Acidification of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge and Source Separated Organics. MASc Thesis, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University. 
  3. Kakar, F. (2012). Calculation of Samti Gold (Eastern Part). BSc Thesis, Geology and Mining, Faculty of Engineering, Balkh University

Other

  1. Kakar, F. (2020). Dealing with COVID19 and balancing work and family matters, IWA-Water News. (blog)
  2. Kakar, F.(2014). Electrical engineering machinery operation and maintenance manual. ECC International.
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